最終更新: 2026-05-01
ユダヤ教で「盗み」は罪ですか？
簡単な答え
はい、ユダヤ教では「盗み」は罪とされています。
IsItASin · 最終更新:
はい、ユダヤ教では「盗み」は罪とされています。 Exodus 20:13 — 'You shall not steal.' (in some translations, 20:15)
ユダヤ教が「盗み」について教えること
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ユダヤ教が「盗み」について教えること
詳細な回答（英語） — 以下の詳細な分析は英語で提供されています。 英語の完全版を読む →
Jewish law has one of the most comprehensive systems for protecting property rights. The Torah requires not only that stealing cease but that restitution be made — typically the stolen item plus an additional one-fifth of its value. The Talmud extends the concept of theft to include geneivat da'at (deception), withholding wages (oshek), and even subtle forms like staring at someone's merchandise when you have no intention to buy. Jewish law also distinguishes between a gazlan (an open robber) and a ganav (a stealthy thief) — interestingly, the Torah is harsher on the stealthy thief, who must pay double restitution, than the open robber who simply returns what was taken. The reasoning: the stealthy thief shows fear of humans but not fear of God.
トーラー／タルムード参考文献
- Exodus 20:13 — 'You shall not steal.' (in some translations, 20:15)
- Leviticus 19:11 — 'You shall not steal; you shall not deal falsely; you shall not lie to one another.'
- Leviticus 5:21-24 — If you steal, you must make full restitution plus add a fifth of the value.
- Talmud Bava Metzia — Extensive laws on lost property, borrowing, and business ethics.
あなたがすべきこと
以下の詳細な分析は英語で提供されています。
- Jewish: Perform complete teshuvah — return the stolen item, add the required one-fifth, and confess before God. If the victim cannot be found, give the value to charity.
- If you struggle with kleptomania or compulsive stealing, seek professional help — this is a recognized condition that requires treatment alongside spiritual repentance.
Repentance: Teshuvah
The Talmud teaches that teshuvah was created before the world itself — Hashem believed in your return before you were born. The gates of return are open now.
Begin Your Teshuvah — The Gates Are Open →よくある質問
以下の詳細な分析は英語で提供されています。
Is stealing food to survive a sin?
Most religious scholars recognize a distinction between stealing out of necessity and stealing for gain.
Most religious scholars recognize a distinction between stealing out of necessity and stealing for gain. Judaism allows a starving person to eat from a field (Deuteronomy 23:25). However, the ideal is to seek help rather than steal.
What about downloading pirated content?
All three traditions consider this a form of theft.
All three traditions consider this a form of theft. You are taking something of value without the owner's permission. The digital nature of the content does not change the ethical principle.
Is stealing from an employer (taking supplies, time) a sin?
Yes.
Yes. All three faiths treat this as theft. Wasting company time, taking office supplies, or padding expense reports are all forms of stealing that carry moral weight.
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