最終更新: 2026-09-25
「自己破産」はハラームですか？
簡単な答え
いいえ、イスラム教では「自己破産」はムバーフ（中立）とされています。
IsItASin · 最終更新: 2026-09-25
いいえ、イスラム教では「自己破産」はムバーフ（中立）とされています。 Quran 2:280 — 'And if the debtor is in hardship, then postpone until a time of ease. But if you forgive, it is better for you.'
イスラム教が「自己破産」について教えること
The Study Quran
For questions this important, going back to the source matters. The Study Quran — the definitive English translation with 1,500+ pages of commentary by leading scholars — provides the depth these questions deserve.
イスラム教が「自己破産」について教えること
詳細な回答（英語） — 以下の詳細な分析は英語で提供されています。 英語の完全版を読む →
Islam's debt-ethics is precise and compassionate in the same breath. The Quran's commercial chapter (2:282 — the longest verse in the Quran) commands writing debts and witnessing them; the hardship verse (2:280) commands postponement for the struggling debtor and names remission 'better for you'; and the hadith of intentions (Bukhari 2387) draws the moral line through the borrower's heart: borrowing intending to repay draws Allah's help; borrowing intending destruction draws destruction. On insolvency: Islamic law's classic structure — the insolvent debtor (muflass) is protected from imprisonment, given time, and his available assets distributed fairly — is strikingly close to modern bankruptcy, and Muslim minorities are directed by fiqh councils to use the civil procedures honestly: full disclosure, no asset-hiding, cooperation with trustees. The cautions: riba-based borrowing got many debtors into trouble (the Islamic finance movement exists partly to prevent this), gambling and speculation debts compound the original wrongs, and the discharged debtor whose finances later recover is encouraged — though not forced — to make voluntary repayment. The Prophet personally settled the debts of deceased debtors and called the martyr's debts sacred obligations — seriousness and mercy, held together.
クルアーン参考文献
- Quran 2:280 — 'And if the debtor is in hardship, then postpone until a time of ease. But if you forgive, it is better for you.'
- Quran 2:282 — 'When you contract a debt for a fixed term, write it down.'
- Sahih al-Bukhari 2387 — 'Whoever takes the money of people with the intention of repaying it, Allah will repay it on his behalf; whoever takes it intending to destroy it, Allah will destroy him.'
あなたがすべきこと
以下の詳細な分析は英語で提供されています。
- File honestly if you must — full disclosure is the moral core of the process.
- If your finances recover later, consider voluntary repayment of what was discharged — the traditions celebrate it.
- Muslim: Debts taken with intent to repay draw Allah's help (Bukhari 2387); use the process truthfully and ask for creditors' patience.
- All: Rebuild with counsel — the fresh start works best with new habits.
Book of Repentance (Sahih Muslim)
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said Allah rejoices more when you return than a man who finds water in the desert. Islamic tradition holds that tawbah is always accepted for those who sincerely seek it.
Begin Your Tawbah — The Path Is Open →よくある質問
以下の詳細な分析は英語で提供されています。
Is filing for bankruptcy a sin?
No — every tradition here permits using insolvency law honestly.
No — every tradition here permits using insolvency law honestly. The sins live at the edges: hidden assets, strategic abuse, borrowing with no intent to repay.
What about debts the court discharged — do I still owe them morally?
The traditions diverge in emphasis but converge in spirit: the legal obligation ends, the moral aspiration continues; all treat it as generosity, not obligation, once law and ability are settled.
The traditions diverge in emphasis but converge in spirit: the legal obligation ends, the moral aspiration continues; all treat it as generosity, not obligation, once law and ability are settled. Islam encourages voluntary repayment after recovery.
Does the Torah's debt-release apply today?
The principle — debt should not permanently crush the poor — transfers directly: the traditions read it as God's bias toward release, which is why none condemns bankruptcy itself.
The principle — debt should not permanently crush the poor — transfers directly: the traditions read it as God's bias toward release, which is why none condemns bankruptcy itself.
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